Category: Cyber Security

News In Brief – Source: US Computer Emergency Readiness Team

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 5.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
• Equipment: MELSEC iQ-F Series
• Vulnerability: Insufficient Resource Pool

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow a remote attacker to cause a temporary denial-of-service (DoS) condition for a certain period of time in the product’s Ethernet communication by performing a TCP SYN Flood attack.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of Mitsubishi Electric MELSEC iQ-F Series, a compact control platform, are affected:

Products with * are sold in limited regions.

• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-32MT/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-32MT/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-32MT/ESS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-32MT/DSS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-32MR/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-32MR/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-64MT/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-64MT/ESS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-64MT/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-64MT/DSS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-64MR/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-64MR/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-80MT/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-80MT/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-80MT/ESS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-80MT/DSS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-80MR/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5U-80MR/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UC-32MT/D: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UC-32MT/DSS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UC-64MT/D: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UC-64MT/DSS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UC-96MT/D: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UC-96MT/DSS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UC-32MT/DS-TS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UC-32MT/DSS-TS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UC-32MR/DS-TS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-24MT/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-24MT/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-24MT/ESS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-24MT/DSS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-24MR/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-24MR/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-40MT/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-40MT/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-40MT/ESS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-40MT/DSS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-40MR/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-40MR/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-60MT/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-60MT/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-60MT/ESS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-60MT/DSS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-60MR/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-60MR/DS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-24MT/ES-A*: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-24MR/ES-A*: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-40MT/ES-A*: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-40MR/ES-A*: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-60MT/ES-A*: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5UJ-60MR/ES-A*: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-30MT/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-30MT/ESS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-30MR/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-40MT/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-40MT/ESS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-40MR/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-60MT/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-60MT/ESS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-60MR/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-80*MT/ES: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-80*MT/ESS: All Versions
• MELSEC iQ-F FX5S-80*MR/ES: All Versions

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 Insufficient Resource Pool CWE-410

In Mitsubishi Electric multiple FA products there is a denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerability that exists in the Ethernet function. A remote attacker could cause a temporary denial-of-service (DoS) condition for a certain period of time in the product’s Ethernet communication by performing a TCP SYN Flood attack.

CVE-2023-7033 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Japan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Mitsubishi Electric Corporation reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Mitsubishi Electric recommends that users take the following mitigation measures to minimize the risk of exploiting this vulnerability:

• Use a firewall, virtual private network (VPN) etc., to prevent unauthorized access when Internet access is required.
• Use within a LAN and block access from untrusted networks and hosts through firewalls.
• Use IP filter function to block access from untrusted hosts. For details on the IP filter function, please refer to the following manual for each product:
  “13.1 IP Filter Function” in the MELSEC iQ-F FX5 User’s Manual (Communication).
• Restrict physical access to the affected products and the LAN to which they are connected.

For specific update instructions and additional details refer to Mitsubishi Electric advisory 2023-023

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• February 27, 2024: Initial Publication

News In Brief – Source: US Computer Emergency Readiness Team

How SVR-Attributed Actors are Adapting to the Move of Government and Corporations to Cloud Infrastructure

OVERVIEW

This advisory details recent tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) of the group commonly known as APT29, also known as Midnight Blizzard, the Dukes, or Cozy Bear.

The UK National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) and international partners assess that APT29 is a cyber espionage group, almost certainly part of the SVR, an element of the Russian intelligence services. The US National Security Agency (NSA), the US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), the US Cyber National Mission Force (CNMF), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Australian Signals Directorate’s Australian Cyber Security Centre (ASD’s ACSC), the Canadian Centre for Cyber Security (CCCS), and New Zealand Government Communications Security Bureau (GCSB) agree with this attribution and the details provided in this advisory.

This advisory provides an overview of TTPs deployed by the actor to gain initial access into the cloud environment and includes advice to detect and mitigate this activity.

To download the PDF version of this report, click here.

PREVIOUS ACTOR ACTIVITY

The NCSC has previously detailed how Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) cyber actors have targeted governmental, think tank, healthcare, and energy targets for intelligence gain. It has now observed SVR actors expanding their targeting to include aviation, education, law enforcement, local and state councils, government financial departments, and military organizations.

SVR actors are also known for:

EVOLVING TTPs

As organizations continue to modernize their systems and move to cloud-based infrastructure, the SVR has adapted to these changes in the operating environment.

They have to move beyond their traditional means of initial access, such as exploiting software vulnerabilities in an on-premises network, and instead target the cloud services themselves.

To access the majority of the victims’ cloud hosted network, actors must first successfully authenticate to the cloud provider. Denying initial access to the cloud environment can prohibit SVR from successfully compromising their target. In contrast, in an on-premises system, more of the network is typically exposed to threat actors.

Below describes in more detail how SVR actors are adapting to continue their cyber operations for intelligence gain. These TTPs have been observed in the last 12 months.

ACCESS VIA SERVICE AND DORMANT ACCOUNTS

Previous SVR campaigns reveal the actors have successfully used brute forcing [T1110] and password spraying to access service accounts. This type of account is typically used to run and manage applications and services. There is no human user behind them so they cannot be easily protected with multi-factor authentication (MFA), making these accounts more susceptible to a successful compromise. Service accounts are often also highly privileged depending on which applications and services they’re responsible for managing. Gaining access to these accounts provides threat actors with privileged initial access to a network, to launch further operations.

SVR campaigns have also targeted dormant accounts belonging to users who no longer work at a victim organization but whose accounts remain on the system [T1078.004].

Following an enforced password reset for all users during an incident, SVR actors have also been observed logging into inactive accounts and following instructions to reset the password. This has allowed the actor to regain access following incident response eviction activities.

CLOUD-BASED TOKEN AUTHENTICATION

Account access is typically authenticated by either username and password credentials or system-issued access tokens. The NCSC and partners have observed SVR actors using tokens to access their victims’ accounts, without needing a password [T1528].

The default validity time of system-issued tokens varies dependent on the system; however, cloud platforms should allow administrators to adjust the validity time as appropriate for their users. More information can be found on this in the mitigations section of this advisory.

ENROLLING NEW DEVICES TO THE CLOUD

On multiple occasions, the SVR have successfully bypassed password authentication on personal accounts using password spraying and credential reuse. SVR actors have also then bypassed MFA through a technique known as “MFA bombing” or “MFA fatigue,” in which the actors repeatedly push MFA requests to a victim’s device until the victim accepts the notification [T1621].

Once an actor has bypassed these systems to gain access to the cloud environment, SVR actors have been observed registering their own device as a new device on the cloud tenant [T1098.005]. If device validation rules are not set up, SVR actors can successfully register their own device and gain access to the network.

By configuring the network with device enrollment policies, there have been instances where these measures have defended against SVR actors and denied them access to the cloud tenant.

RESIDENTIAL PROXIES

As network-level defenses improve detection of suspicious activity, SVR actors have looked at other ways to stay covert on the internet. A TTP associated with this actor is the use of residential proxies [T1090.002]. Residential proxies typically make traffic appear to originate from IP addresses within internet service provider (ISP) ranges used for residential broadband customers and hide the true source. This can make it harder to distinguish malicious connections from typical users. This reduces the effectiveness of network defenses that use IP addresses as indicators of compromise, and so it is important to consider a variety of information sources such as application and host-based logging for detecting suspicious activity.

CONCLUSION

The SVR is a sophisticated actor capable of carrying out a global supply chain compromise such as the 2020 SolarWinds, however the guidance in this advisory shows that a strong baseline of cyber security fundamentals can help defend from such actors.

For organizations that have moved to cloud infrastructure, a first line of defense against an actor such as SVR should be to protect against SVR’s TTPs for initial access. By following the mitigations outlined in this advisory, organizations will be in a stronger position to defend against this threat.

Once the SVR gain initial access, the actor is capable of deploying highly sophisticated post compromise capabilities such as MagicWeb, as reported in 2022. Therefore, mitigating against the SVR’s initial access vectors is particularly important for network defenders.

CISA have also produced guidance through their Secure Cloud Business Applications (SCuBA) Project which is designed to protect assets stored in cloud environments.

Some of the TTPs listed in this report, such as residential proxies and exploitation of system accounts, are similar to those reported as recently as January 2024 by Microsoft.

MITRE ATT&CK®

This report has been compiled with respect to the MITRE ATT&CK® framework, a globally accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques based on real-world observations.

Tactic	ID	Technique	Procedure
Credential Access	T1110	Brute Force	The SVR use password spraying and brute forcing as an initial infection vector.
Initial Access	T1078.004	Valid Accounts: Cloud Accounts	The SVR use compromised credentials to gain access to accounts for cloud services, including system and dormant accounts.
Credential Access	T1528	Steal Application Access Token	The SVR use stolen access tokens to login to accounts without the need for passwords.
Credential Access	T1621	Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation	The SVR repeatedly push MFA requests to a victim’s device until the victim accepts the notification, providing SVR access to the account.
Command and Control	T1090.002	Proxy: External Proxy	The SVR use open proxies in residential IP ranges to blend in with expected IP address pools in access logs.
Persistence	T1098.005	Account Manipulation: Device Registration	The SVR attempt to register their own device on the cloud tenant after acquiring access to accounts.

MITIGATION AND DETECTION

A number of mitigations will be useful in defending against the activity described in this advisory: 

• Use multi-factor authentication (/2-factor authentication/two-step verification) to reduce the impact of password compromises. See NCSC guidance: Multifactor Authentication for Online Services and Setting up 2-Step Verification (2SV).
• Accounts that cannot use 2SV should have strong, unique passwords. User and system accounts should be disabled when no longer required with a “joiners, movers, and leavers” process in place and regular reviews to identify and disable inactive/dormant accounts. See NCSC guidance: 10 Steps to Cyber Security.
• System and service accounts should implement the principle of least privilege, providing tightly scoped access to resources required for the service to function.
• Canary service accounts should be created which appear to be valid service accounts but are never used by legitimate services. Monitoring and alerting on the use of these account provides a high confidence signal that they are being used illegitimately and should be investigated urgently.
• Session lifetimes should be kept as short as practical to reduce the window of opportunity for an adversary to use stolen session tokens. This should be paired with a suitable authentication method that strikes a balance between regular user authentication and user experience.
• Ensure device enrollment policies are configured to only permit authorized devices to enroll. Use zero-touch enrollment where possible, or if self-enrollment is required then use a strong form of 2SV that is resistant to phishing and prompt bombing. Old devices should be prevented from (re)enrolling when no longer required. See NCSC guidance: Device Security Guidance.
• Consider a variety of information sources such as application events and host-based logs to help prevent, detect and investigate potential malicious behavior. Focus on the information sources and indicators of compromise that have a better rate of false positives. For example, looking for changes to user agent strings that could indicate session hijacking may be more effective than trying to identify connections from suspicious IP addresses. See NCSC guidance: Introduction to Logging for Security Purposes.

DISCLAIMER

This report draws on information derived from NCSC and industry sources. Any NCSC findings and recommendations made have not been provided with the intention of avoiding all risks and following the recommendations will not remove all such risk. Ownership of information risks remains with the relevant system owner at all times.

This information is exempt under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FOIA) and may be exempt under other UK information legislation.

Refer any FOIA queries to ncscinfoleg@ncsc.gov.uk.

All material is UK Crown Copyright.

News In Brief – Source: US Computer Emergency Readiness Team

CISA, in partnership with UK National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) and other U.S. and international partners released the joint advisory, SVR Cyber Actors Adapt Tactics for Initial Cloud Access. This advisory provides recent tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) used by Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) cyber actors—also known as APT29, the Dukes, CozyBear, and NOBELIUM/Midnight Blizzard—to gain initial access into a cloud environment.

The authoring agencies encourage network defenders and organizations review the joint advisory for recommended mitigations. For more information on APT29, see joint CSA Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) Exploiting JetBrains TeamCity CVE Globally or visit CISA’s Russia Cyber Threat Overview and Advisories page. For more guidance on cloud security best practices, see CISA’s Secure Cloud Business Applications (SCuBA) Project.

News In Brief – Source: US Computer Emergency Readiness Team

Today, CISA, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) updated the joint fact sheet Top Cyber Actions for Securing Water Systems. This update includes additional resources—from American Water Works Association, the WaterISAC, and MS-ISAC—to support water systems in defending against from malicious cyber activity. 

The fact sheet outlines the following practical actions Water and Wastewater Systems (WWS) Sector entities can take to better protect water systems from malicious cyber activity and provides actionable guidance to implement concurrently:

• Reduce Exposure to the Public-Facing Internet
• Conduct Regular Cybersecurity Assessments
• Change Default Passwords Immediately
• Conduct an Inventory of Operational Technology/Information Technology Assets
• Develop and Exercise Cybersecurity Incident Response and Recovery Plans
• Backup OT/IT Systems
• Reduce Exposure to Vulnerabilities
• Conduct Cybersecurity Awareness Training

CISA, EPA, and FBI urge all WWS Sector and critical infrastructure organizations to review the fact sheet and implement the actions to improve resilience to cyber threat activity. Organizations can visit cisa.gov/water for additional sector tools, information, and resources.

News In Brief – Source: US Computer Emergency Readiness Team

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 7.8
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Delta Electronics
• Equipment: CNCSoft-B DOPSoft
• Vulnerability: Uncontrolled Search Path Element

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to achieve remote code execution.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following Delta Electronics products are affected:

• CNCSoft-B v1.0.0.4 DOPSoft: versions prior to v4.0.0.82

3.2.1 UNCONTROLLED SEARCH PATH ELEMENT CWE-427

The affected product insecurely loads libraries, which may allow an attacker to use DLL hijacking and takeover the system where the software is installed.

CVE-2024-1595 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Taiwan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Delta Electronics reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Delta recommends users upgrade to CNCSoft-B v1.0.0.4, which includes DOPSoft v4.0.0.94.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• February 22, 2024: Initial Publication

News In Brief – Source: US Computer Emergency Readiness Team

Mozilla released security updates to address vulnerabilities in Firefox, Firefox ESR, and Thunderbird. A cyber threat actor could exploit one of these vulnerabilities to take control of an affected system.

CISA encourages users and administrators to review the following Mozilla Security Advisories and apply the necessary updates:

News In Brief – Source: US Computer Emergency Readiness Team

 New logging increases security by default and enhances cyber defense 

WASHINGTON – The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Office of the National Cyber Director (ONCD) and Microsoft announce today further progress in ensuring that Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies have access to necessary logging capabilities. Over the past six months, Microsoft has worked closely with CISA, OMB, and ONCD to roll out expanded logs to a pilot group of agencies. Beginning this month, expanded logging will be available to all agencies using Microsoft Purview Audit regardless of license tier.

As described in CISA’s Secure by Design guidance, all technology providers should provide “high-quality audit logs to customers at no extra charge or additional configuration.” Today’s announcement is a further step in this direction. Microsoft will automatically enable the logs in customer accounts and increase the default log retention period from 90 days to 180 days. Also, this data will provide new telemetry to help more federal agencies meet logging requirements mandated by OMB Memorandum M-21-31.

To help agencies more effectively use available logs to detect and remediate cyber threats, CISA has developed a new Expanded Cloud Log Implementation Playbook in close coordination with Microsoft, which provides further detail on each newly available log and how these logs can be used to support threat hunting and incident-response operations. 

“Last summer, we were glad to see Microsoft’s commitment to make necessary logging available to federal agencies and the broader cybersecurity community. I am pleased that we have made real progress toward this goal,” said CISA Executive Assistant Director for Cybersecurity Eric Goldstein. “We look forward to continued progress with our partners to ensure that every organization has access to necessary security logs– a core tenet of our Secure by Design guidance in support of the National Cybersecurity Strategy. Every organization has the right to safe and secure technology, and we continue to make progress toward this goal.”

“As the federal government continues our transition to cloud environments, we must ensure we are following secure-by-design and secure-by-default principles,” said Chris DeRusha, Federal Chief Information Security Officer and Deputy National Cyber Director. “The upgraded logging features now available to Microsoft’s government community cloud customers will provide greater visibility, and enable our network defenders to enhance their threat detection capabilities.”

“We recognize the vital importance that advanced logging plays in enabling federal agencies to detect, respond to, and prevent even the most sophisticated cyberattacks from well-resourced, state-sponsored actors. For this reason, we have been collaborating across the federal government to provide access to advanced audit logs,” said Candice Ling, Senior Vice President, Microsoft Federal. “Microsoft will continue to play a critical role in partnering with the federal government to reinforce our commitment to secure by design and further enhance the security baseline of our nation.”

In July 2023, a federal agency observed suspicious, unexpected activity in unclassified Microsoft 365 audit logs and reported it to Microsoft and CISA. The agency detected the activity using one of the logs Microsoft is expanding access to with this announcement. The importance of having critical cybersecurity logs that provided timely information was clearly demonstrated by this incident. CISA continues our work to ensure every organization has access to key security data by default so they can better defend their networks from malicious cyber actors.

For more details on this announcement, read Microsoft’s blog and visit CISA’s Secure by Design webpage for more information.

About CISA 

As the nation’s cyber defense agency and national coordinator for critical infrastructure security, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency leads the national effort to understand, manage, and reduce risk to the digital and physical infrastructure Americans rely on every hour of every day.

Visit CISA.gov for more information and follow us on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram. 

News In Brief – Source: US Computer Emergency Readiness Team

CISA released three Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on February 20, 2024. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

CISA encourages users and administrators to review the newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

News In Brief – Source: US Computer Emergency Readiness Team

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 9.8
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
• Equipment: Electrical discharge machines
• Vulnerability: Improper Input Validation

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to disclose, tamper with, destroy or delete information in the products, or cause a denial-of-service condition on the products.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Mitsubishi Electric reports that the following electrical discharge machines are affected by this vulnerability in Microsoft Message Queuing service:

• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV1200S D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV2400S D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV4800S D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV1200R D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV2400R D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV4800R D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV1200S D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV2400S D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV4800S D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV1200R D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV2400R D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MV Series MV4800R D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MP Series MP1200 D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MP Series MP2400 D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MP Series MP4800 D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MP Series MP1200 D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MP Series MP2400 D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MP Series MP4800 D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MX Series MX900 D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MX Series MX2400 D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-B60W000-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MX Series MX900 D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Wire-cut EDM MX Series MX2400 D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-B63W+++-**: all versions
• Sinker EDM SV-P Series SV8P D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-M60W000-**: all versions
• Sinker EDM SV-P Series SV12 D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-M60W000-**: all versions
• Sinker EDM SV-P Series SV8P D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-M63W+++-**: all versions
• Sinker EDM SV-P Series SV12 D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-M63W+++-**: all versions
• Sinker EDM SG Series SG8 D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-M60W000-**: all versions
• Sinker EDM SG Series SG12 D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-M60W000-**: all versions
• Sinker EDM SG Series SG28 D-CUBES Series Standard system BRD-M60W000-**: all versions
• Sinker EDM SG Series SG8 D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-M63W+++-**: all versions
• Sinker EDM SG Series SG12 D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-M63W+++-**: all versions
• Sinker EDM SG Series SG28 D-CUBES Series Special system BRD-M63W+++-**: all versions

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 Improper Input Validation CWE-20

Remote code execution vulnerability due to Microsoft Message Queuing service on Microsoft Windows exists in electrical discharge machines.

CVE-2023-21554 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Japan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Mitsubishi Electric reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Mitsubishi Electric recommends that users install the latest update. For information about how to install the update program, please contact your local service center.

Mitsubishi Electric recommends taking the mitigations listed below to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability.

• Use a firewall, virtual private network (VPN) etc., to prevent unauthorized access when Internet access is required.
• Use within a LAN and block access from untrusted networks and hosts through firewalls.
• Restrict physical access to the affected products and to personal computers and network devices that can communicate with them.
• Install anti-virus software on personal computers that can communicate with the affected products.

For specific update instructions and additional details refer to Mitsubishi Electric advisory 2023-022.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability) has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• February 20, 2024: Initial Publication

News In Brief – Source: US Computer Emergency Readiness Team

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens’ ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global). 

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 9.8
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: SCALANCE XCM-/XRM-300
• Vulnerabilities: Out-of-bounds Write, Incorrect Type Conversion or Cast, Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature, Improper Access Control, Improper Authentication, Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data, Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm, Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource, Use After Free, HTTP Request/Response Smuggling, Improper Input Validation, Heap-based Buffer Overflow, Integer Overflow or Wraparound, Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime, Double Free, Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input, Uncontrolled Resource Consumption, Incorrect Comparison, Out-of-bounds Read, Incorrect Default Permissions, Improper Ownership Management, Injection, Type Confusion, Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity, NULL Pointer Dereference, HTTP Request/Response Splitting, Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling, Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value, Observable Discrepancy, Improper Locking, Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size, Incorrect Authorization, Improper Removal of Sensitive Information Before Storage or Transfer, Unchecked Return Value, Race Condition, Link Following, Classic Buffer Overflow, Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions, Path Traversal, Code Injection, Use of Uninitialized Resource, Cross-site Scripting, Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere, Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output, Interpretation Conflict, Use of Insufficiently Random Values, Buffer Underflow, Divide By Zero, Insufficiently Protected Credentials, Access of Uninitialized Pointer, Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity, OS Command Injection, Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could affect confidentiality, integrity, or system availability.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following versions of SCALANCE XCM-/XRM-300, switches used to connect industrial components, are affected:

• SCALANCE XCH328 (6GK5328-4TS01-2EC2): versions prior to V2.4
• SCALANCE XCM324 (6GK5324-8TS01-2AC2): versions prior to V2.4
• SCALANCE XCM328 (6GK5328-4TS01-2AC2): versions prior to V2.4
• SCALANCE XCM332 (6GK5332-0GA01-2AC2): versions prior to V2.4
• SCALANCE XRH334 (24 V DC, 8xFO, CC) (6GK5334-2TS01-2ER3): versions prior to V2.4
• SCALANCE XRM334 (2×230 V AC, 8xFO) (6GK5334-2TS01-4AR3): versions prior to V2.4
• SCALANCE XRM334 (2×230 V AC, 12xFO) (6GK5334-3TS01-4AR3): versions prior to V2.4
• SCALANCE XRM334 (24 V DC, 8xFO) (6GK5334-2TS01-2AR3): versions prior to V2.4
• SCALANCE XRM334 (24 V DC, 12xFO) (6GK5334-3TS01-2AR3): versions prior to V2.4
• SCALANCE XRM334 (230 V AC, 8xFO) (6GK5334-2TS01-3AR3): versions prior to V2.4
• SCALANCE XRM334 (230 V AC, 12xFO) (6GK5334-3TS01-3AR3): versions prior to V2.4

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

A carefully crafted If: request header can cause a memory read or write of a single zero byte, in a pool (heap) memory location beyond the header value sent. This could cause the process to crash. This issue affects Apache HTTP Server 2.4.54 and earlier.

CVE-2006-20001 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.2 INCORRECT TYPE CONVERSION OR CAST CWE-704

A flaw was found in python. In algorithms with quadratic time complexity using non-binary bases, when using int(“text”), a system could take 50ms to parse an int string with 100,000 digits and 5s for 1,000,000 digits (float, decimal, int.from_bytes(), and int() for binary bases 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 are not affected). The highest threat from this vulnerability is to system availability.

CVE-2020-10735 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.3 IMPROPER VERIFICATION OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC SIGNATURE CWE-347

A flaw was found in libdnf’s signature verification functionality in versions before 0.60.1. This flaw allows an attacker to achieve code execution if they can alter the header information of an RPM package and then trick a user or system into installing it. The highest risk of this vulnerability is to confidentiality, integrity, as well as system availability.

CVE-2021-3445 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.4 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

An out-of-bounds memory access flaw was found in the ATI VGA device emulation of QEMU. This flaw occurs in the ati_2d_blt() routine while handling MMIO write operations when the guest provides invalid values for the destination display parameters. A malicious guest could use this flaw to crash the QEMU process on the host, resulting in a denial of service.

CVE-2021-3638 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.5 IMPROPER ACCESS CONTROL CWE-284

A vulnerability was found in the fs/inode.c:inode_init_owner() function logic of the Linux kernel that allows local users to create files for the XFS file-system with an unintended group ownership and with group execution and SGID permission bits set, in a scenario where a directory is SGID and belongs to a certain group and is writable by a user who is not a member of this group. This can lead to excessive permissions granted in case when they should not. This vulnerability is similar to the previous CVE-2018-13405 and adds the missed fix for the XFS.

CVE-2021-4037 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.6 IMPROPER AUTHENTICATION CWE-287

An issue was discovered in Dropbear through 2020.81. It is possible for an SSH server to change the login process in its favor due to a non-RFC-compliant check of the available authentication methods in the client-side SSH code. This attack can bypass additional security measures such as FIDO2 tokens or SSH-Askpass. Thus, it allows an attacker to abuse a forwarded agent for logging on to another server unnoticed.

CVE-2021-36369 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.2.7 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

A denial of service vulnerability exists in mbed TLS 3.0.0 and earlier in the mbedtls_pkcs12_derivation function when an input password’s length is 0.

CVE-2021-43666 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.8 USE OF A BROKEN OR RISKY CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHM CWE-327

In Mbed TLS before 3.1.0, psa_aead_generate_nonce allows policy bypass or oracle-based decryption when the output buffer is at memory locations accessible to an untrusted application.

CVE-2021-45451 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.9 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

There is a flaw in the Linux kernel in linux/net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c of the netfilter subsystem. This flaw allows a local user to cause an out-of-bounds write issue.

CVE-2022-1015 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).

3.2.10 INCORRECT PERMISSION ASSIGNMENT FOR CRITICAL RESOURCE CWE-732

There is a vulnerability in the way the state file is created in logrotate. The state file is used to prevent parallel executions of multiple instances of logrotate by acquiring and releasing a file lock. When the state file does not exist, it is created with world-readable permission, allowing an unprivileged user to lock the state file, stopping any rotation. This flaw affects logrotate versions before 3.20.0.

CVE-2022-1348 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.11 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw was found in nf_tables cross-table in the net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c function in the Linux kernel. This flaw allows a local, privileged attacker to cause a use-after-free problem at the time of table deletion, possibly leading to local privilege escalation.

CVE-2022-2586 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.12 INCONSISTENT INTERPRETATION OF HTTP REQUESTS (‘HTTP REQUEST/RESPONSE SMUGGLING’) CWE-444

Requests forwarded by ReverseProxy include raw query parameters from the inbound request, including unparsable parameters rejected by net/http. This could permit query parameter smuggling when a Go proxy forwards a parameter with an unparsable value. Once the fix is applied, ReverseProxy sanitizes the query parameters in the forwarded query when the outbound request’s Form field is set after the ReverseProxy. Director function returns, indicating that the proxy has parsed the query parameters. Proxies which do not parse query parameters continue to forward the original query parameters unchanged.

CVE-2022-2880 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.2.13 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

Users may have access to secure endpoints in the control plane network. Kubernetes clusters are only affected if an untrusted user can modify Node objects and send proxy requests to them. Kubernetes supports node proxying, which allows clients of kube-apiserver to access endpoints of a Kubelet to establish connections to Pods, retrieve container logs, and more. While Kubernetes already validates the proxying address for Nodes, a bug in kube-apiserver made it possible to bypass this validation. Bypassing this validation could allow authenticated requests destined for Nodes to to the API server’s private network.

CVE-2022-3294 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.14 HEAP-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-122

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability was found in Samba within the GSSAPI unwrap_des() and unwrap_des3() routines of Heimdal. The DES and Triple-DES decryption routines in the Heimdal GSSAPI library allow a length-limited write buffer overflow on malloc() allocated memory when presented with a maliciously small packet. This flaw allows a remote user to send specially crafted malicious data to the application, possibly resulting in a denial-of-service attack.

CVE-2022-3437 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.15 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

A vulnerability was found in the Libksba library due to an integer overflow within the CRL parser. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely for code execution on the target system by passing specially crafted data to the application.

CVE-2022-3515 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.16 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

A vulnerability was found in systemd. This security flaw can cause a local information leak due to systemd-coredump not respecting the fs.suid_dumpable kernel setting.

CVE-2022-4415 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.17 MISSING RELEASE OF MEMORY AFTER EFFECTIVE LIFETIME CWE-401

A potential memory leak issue was discovered in SDL2 in GLES_CreateTexture() function in SDL_render_gles.c. The vulnerability allows an attacker to cause a denial-of-service attack. The vulnerability affects SDL2 v2.0.4 and above. SDL-1.x are not affected.

CVE-2022-4743 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.18 DOUBLE FREE CWE-415

A double-free flaw was found in the Linux kernel’s TUN/TAP device driver functionality in how a user registers the device when the register_netdevice function fails (NETDEV_REGISTER notifier). This flaw allows a local user to crash or potentially escalate their privileges on the system.

CVE-2022-4744 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.19 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

A vulnerability was found in PHP where setting the environment variable PHP_CLI_SERVER_WORKERS to a large value leads to a heap buffer overflow.

CVE-2022-4900 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.20 IMPROPER VALIDATION OF SPECIFIED QUANTITY IN INPUT CWE-1284

A flaw was found in the c-ares package. The ares_set_sortlist is missing checks for the validity of the input string, which allows a possible arbitrary length stack overflow. This issue may cause a denial of service or a limited impact on confidentiality and integrity.

CVE-2022-4904 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).

3.2.21 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION CWE-400

containerd is an open source container runtime. A bug was found in containerd’s CRI implementation where a user can exhaust memory on the host. In the CRI stream server, a goroutine is launched to handle terminal resize events if a TTY is requested. If the user’s process fails to launch due to, for example, a faulty command, the goroutine will be stuck waiting to send without a receiver, resulting in a memory leak. Kubernetes and crictl can both be configured to use containerd’s CRI implementation and the stream server is used for handling container IO. This bug has been fixed in containerd 1.6.12 and 1.5.16. Users should update to these versions to resolve the issue. Users unable to upgrade should ensure that only trusted images and commands are used and that only trusted users have permissions to execute commands in running containers.

CVE-2022-23471 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.22 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

Git is distributed revision control system. gitattributes are a mechanism to allow defining attributes for paths. These attributes can be defined by adding a .gitattributes file to the repository, which contains a set of file patterns and the attributes that should be set for paths matching this pattern. When parsing gitattributes, multiple integer overflows can occur when there is a huge number of path patterns, a huge number of attributes for a single pattern, or when the declared attribute names are huge. These overflows can be triggered via a crafted .gitattributes file that may be part of the commit history. Git silently splits lines longer than 2KB when parsing gitattributes from a file, but not when parsing them from the index. Consequentially, the failure mode depends on whether the file exists in the working tree, the index or both. This integer overflow can result in arbitrary heap reads and writes, which may result in remote code execution. The problem has been patched in the versions published on 2023-01-17, going back to v2.30.7. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this issue.

CVE-2022-23521 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.23 HEAP-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-122

Redis is an in-memory database that persists on disk. A specially crafted Lua script executing in Redis can trigger a heap overflow in the cjson library, and result with heap corruption and potentially remote code execution. The problem exists in all versions of Redis with Lua scripting support, starting from 2.6, and affects only authenticated and authorized users. The problem is fixed in versions 7.0.12, 6.2.13, and 6.0.20.

CVE-2022-24834 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.24 INCORRECT COMPARISON CWE-697

A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in Security Update 2022-003 Catalina, macOS Monterey 12.3, macOS Big Sur 11.6.5. An application may be able to gain elevated privileges.

CVE-2022-26691 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.25 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

There is a possible overflow in handle_image() when shim tries to load and execute crafted EFI executables; The handle_image() function takes into account the SizeOfRawData field from each section to be loaded. An attacker can leverage this to perform out-of-bound writes to memory. Arbitrary code execution is not discarded in such scenario.

CVE-2022-28737 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.26 DOUBLE FREE CWE-415

A double free was found in the Regexp compiler in Ruby 3.x before 3.0.4 and 3.1.x before 3.1.2. If a victim attempts to create a Regexp from untrusted user input, an attacker may be able to write to unexpected memory locations.

CVE-2022-28738 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.27 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125

There is a buffer over read in Ruby before 2.6.10, 2.7.x before 2.7.6, 3.x before 3.0.4, and 3.1.x before 3.1.2. It occurs in string-to-float conversion, including Kernel#Float and String#to_f.

CVE-2022-28739 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.28 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

An issue was discovered in rsync before 3.2.5 that allows malicious remote servers to write arbitrary files inside the directories of connecting peers. The server chooses which files or directories are sent to the client. However, the rsync client performs insufficient validation of file names. A malicious rsync server (or man-in-the-middle attacker) can overwrite arbitrary files in the rsync client target directory and subdirectories (for example, overwrite the .ssh/authorized_keys file).

CVE-2022-29154 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H).

3.2.29 INCORRECT DEFAULT PERMISSIONS CWE-276

runc is a CLI tool for spawning and running containers on Linux according to the OCI specification. A bug was found in runc prior to version 1.1.2 where runc exec –cap created processes with non-empty inheritable Linux process capabilities, creating an atypical Linux environment and enabling programs with inheritable file capabilities to elevate those capabilities to the permitted set during execve(2). This bug did not affect the container security sandbox as the inheritable set never contained more capabilities than were included in the container’s bounding set. This bug has been fixed in runc 1.1.2. This fix changes runc exec –cap behavior such that the additional capabilities granted to the process being executed (as specified via –caparguments) do not include inheritable capabilities. In addition, runc spec is changed to not set any inheritable capabilities in the created example OCI spec (config.json) file.

CVE-2022-29162 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

3.2.30 IMPROPER OWNERSHIP MANAGEMENT CWE-282

Git is a distributed revision control system. Git prior to versions 2.37.1, 2.36.2, 2.35.4, 2.34.4, 2.33.4, 2.32.3, 2.31.4, and 2.30.5, is vulnerable to privilege escalation in all platforms. An unsuspecting user could still be affected by the issue reported in CVE-2022-24765, for example when navigating as root into a shared tmp directory that is owned by them, but where an attacker could create a git repository. Versions 2.37.1, 2.36.2, 2.35.4, 2.34.4, 2.33.4, 2.32.3, 2.31.4, and 2.30.5 contain a patch for this issue. The simplest way to avoid being affected by the exploit described in the example is to avoid running git as root (or an administrator in Windows), and if needed to reduce its use to a minimum. While a generic workaround is not possible, a system could be hardened from the exploit described in the example by removing any such repository if it exists already and creating one as root to block any future attacks.

CVE-2022-29187 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.31 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

In GNOME Epiphany before 41.4 and 42.x before 42.2, an HTML document can trigger a client buffer overflow (in ephy_string_shorten in the UI process) via a long page title. The issue occurs because the number of bytes for a UTF-8 ellipsis character is not properly considered.

CVE-2022-29536 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.32 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

Improper exposure of client IP addresses in net/http before Go 1.17.12 and Go 1.18.4 can be triggered by calling httputil.ReverseProxy.ServeHTTP with a Request.Header map containing a nil value for the X-Forwarded-For header, which causes ReverseProxy to set the client IP as the value of the X-Forwarded-For header.

CVE-2022-32148 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

3.2.33 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT USED BY A DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT (‘INJECTION’) CWE-74

GnuPG through 2.3.6, in unusual situations where an attacker possesses any secret-key information from a victim’s keyring and other constraints (e.g., use of GPGME) are met, allows signature forgery via injection into the status line.

CVE-2022-34903 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N).

3.2.34 ACCESS OF RESOURCE USING INCOMPATIBLE TYPE (‘TYPE CONFUSION’) CWE-843

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 5.18.9. A type confusion bug in nft_set_elem_init (leading to a buffer overflow) could be used by a local attacker to escalate privileges, a different vulnerability than CVE-2022-32250. (The attacker can obtain root access, but must start with an unprivileged user namespace to obtain CAP_NET_ADMIN access.) This can be fixed in nft_setelem_parse_data in net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c.

CVE-2022-34918 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.35 INEFFICIENT ALGORITHMIC COMPLEXITY CWE-407

Redis is an in-memory database that persists on disk. Authenticated users can use string matching commands (like SCAN or KEYS) with a specially crafted pattern to trigger a denial-of-service attack on Redis, causing it to hang and consume 100% CPU time. The problem is fixed in Redis versions 6.0.18, 6.2.11, 7.0.9.

CVE-2022-36021 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.36 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

In libarchive before 3.6.2, the software does not check for an error after calling calloc function that can return with a NULL pointer if the function fails, which leads to a resultant NULL pointer dereference. NOTE: the discoverer cites this CWE-476 remark but third parties dispute the code-execution impact: “In rare circumstances, when NULL is equivalent to the 0x0 memory address and privileged code can access it, then writing or reading memory is possible, which may lead to code execution.”

CVE-2022-36227 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.37 INCONSISTENT INTERPRETATION OF HTTP REQUESTS (‘HTTP REQUEST/RESPONSE SMUGGLING’) CWE-444

Inconsistent interpretation of HTTP requests (‘HTTP Request Smuggling’) vulnerability in mod_proxy_ajp of Apache HTTP Server allows an attacker to smuggle requests to the AJP server it forwards requests to. This issue affects Apache HTTP Server Apache HTTP Server 2.4 version 2.4.54 and prior versions.

CVE-2022-36760 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.38 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF CRLF SEQUENCES IN HTTP HEADERS (‘HTTP REQUEST/RESPONSE SPLITTING’) CWE-113

Prior to Apache HTTP Server 2.4.55, a malicious backend can cause the response headers to be truncated early, resulting in some headers being incorporated into the response body. If the later headers have any security purpose, they will not be interpreted by the client.

CVE-2022-37436 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

3.2.39 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

The Keccak XKCP SHA-3 reference implementation before fdc6fef has an integer overflow and resultant buffer overflow that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or eliminate expected cryptographic properties. This occurs in the sponge function interface.

CVE-2022-37454 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.40 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

In lighttpd 1.4.65, mod_wstunnel does not initialize a handler function pointer if an invalid HTTP request (websocket handshake) is received. It leads to null pointer dereference which crashes the server. It could be used by an external attacker to cause denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2022-37797 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.41 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

An integer overflow in the RFC3164 parser in One Identity syslog-ng 3.0 through 3.37 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted syslog input that is mishandled by the tcp or network function. syslog-ng Premium Edition 7.0.30 and syslog-ng Store Box 6.10.0 are also affected.

CVE-2022-38725 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.42 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

An issue was discovered the x86 KVM subsystem in the Linux kernel before 5.18.17. Unprivileged guest users can compromise the guest kernel because TLB flush operations are mishandled in certain KVM_VCPU_PREEMPTED situations.

CVE-2022-39189 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.43 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

Git is an open source, scalable, distributed revision control system. git shell is a restricted login shell that can be used to implement Git’s push/pull functionality via SSH. In versions prior to 2.30.6, 2.31.5, 2.32.4, 2.33.5, 2.34.5, 2.35.5, 2.36.3, and 2.37.4, the function that splits the command arguments into an array improperly uses an int to represent the number of entries in the array, allowing a malicious actor to intentionally overflow the return value, leading to arbitrary heap writes. Because the resulting array is then passed to execv(), it is possible to leverage this attack to gain remote code execution on a victim machine. Note that a victim must first allow access to git shell as a login shell in order to be vulnerable to this attack. This problem is patched in versions 2.30.6, 2.31.5, 2.32.4, 2.33.5, 2.34.5, 2.35.5, 2.36.3, and 2.37.4 and users are advised to upgrade to the latest version. Disabling git shell access via remote logins is a viable short-term workaround.

CVE-2022-39260 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.44 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

An integer overflow vulnerability in pcre2test before 10.41 allows attackers to cause a denial of service or other unspecified impacts via negative input.

CVE-2022-41409 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.45 MISSING RELEASE OF MEMORY AFTER EFFECTIVE LIFETIME CWE-401

A resource leak in gw_backend.c in lighttpd 1.4.56 through 1.4.66 could lead to a denial of service (connection-slot exhaustion) after a large amount of anomalous TCP behavior by clients. It is related to RDHUP mishandling in certain HTTP/1.1 chunked situations. Use of mod_fastcgi is, for example, affected. This is fixed in 1.4.67.

CVE-2022-41556 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.46 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

Programs which compile regular expressions from untrusted sources may be vulnerable to memory exhaustion or denial of service. The parsed regexp representation is linear in the size of the input, but in some cases the constant factor can be as high as 40,000, making relatively small regexps consume much larger amounts of memory. After fix, each regexp being parsed is limited to a 256 MB memory footprint. Regular expressions whose representation would use more space than that are rejected. Normal use of regular expressions is unaffected.

CVE-2022-41715 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.47 ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES WITHOUT LIMITS OR THROTTLING CWE-770

An attacker can cause excessive memory growth in a Go server accepting HTTP/2 requests. HTTP/2 server connections contain a cache of HTTP header keys sent by the client. While the total number of entries in this cache is capped, an attacker sending very large keys can cause the server to allocate approximately 64 MiB per open connection.

CVE-2022-41717 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

3.2.48 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

A maliciously crafted HTTP/2 stream could cause excessive CPU consumption in the HPACK decoder, sufficient to cause a denial of service from a small number of small requests.

CVE-2022-41723 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.49 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

In freeradius, when an EAP-SIM supplicant sends an unknown SIM option, the server will try to look that option up in the internal dictionaries. This lookup will fail, but the SIM code will not check for that failure. Instead, it will dereference a NULL pointer, and cause the server to crash.

CVE-2022-41860 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.50 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

A flaw was found in freeradius. A malicious RADIUS client or home server can send a malformed binary attribute which can cause the server to crash.

CVE-2022-41861 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.51 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

In PostgreSQL, a modified, unauthenticated server can send an unterminated string during the establishment of Kerberos transport encryption. In certain conditions a server can cause a libpq client to over-read and report an error message containing uninitialized bytes.

CVE-2022-41862 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

3.2.52 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

Git is distributed revision control system. git log can display commits in an arbitrary format using its –format specifiers. This functionality is also exposed to git archive via the export-subst gitattribute. When processing the padding operators, there is a integer overflow in pretty.c::format_and_pad_commit() where a size_t is stored improperly as an int, and then added as an offset to a memcpy(). This overflow can be triggered directly by a user running a command which invokes the commit formatting machinery (e.g., git log –format=…). It may also be triggered indirectly through git archive via the export-subst mechanism, which expands format specifiers inside of files within the repository during a git archive. This integer overflow can result in arbitrary heap writes, which may result in arbitrary code execution. The problem has been patched in the versions published on 2023-01-17, going back to v2.30.7. Users are advised to upgrade. Users who are unable to upgrade should disable git archive in untrusted repositories. If you expose git archive via git daemon, disable it by running git config –global daemon.uploadArch false.

CVE-2022-41903 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.53 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

Python 3.9.x before 3.9.16 and 3.10.x before 3.10.9 on Linux allows local privilege escalation in a non-default configuration. The Python multiprocessing library, when used with the forkserver start method on Linux, allows pickles to be deserialized from any user in the same machine local network namespace, which in many system configurations means any user on the same machine. Pickles can execute arbitrary code. Thus, this allows for local user privilege escalation that any forkserver process is running as. Setting multiprocessing.util.abstract_sockets_supported to False is a workaround. The forkserver start method for multiprocessing is not the default start method. This issue is Linux specific because only Linux supports abstract namespace sockets. CPython before 3.9 does not make use of Linux abstract namespace sockets by default. Support for users manually specifying an abstract namespace socket was added as a bugfix in 3.7.8 and 3.8.3, but users would need to make specific uncommon API calls in order to do that in CPython before 3.9.

CVE-2022-42919 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.54 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

NASM v2.16 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow in the component quote_for_pmake() asm/nasm.c:856

CVE-2022-44370 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.55 INEFFICIENT ALGORITHMIC COMPLEXITY CWE-407

An issue was discovered in Python before 3.11.1. An unnecessary quadratic algorithm exists in one path when processing some inputs to the IDNA (RFC 3490) decoder, such that a crafted, unreasonably long name being presented to the decoder could lead to a CPU denial of service. Hostnames are often supplied by remote servers that could be controlled by a malicious actor; in such a scenario, they could trigger excessive CPU consumption on the client attempting to make use of an attacker-supplied supposed hostname. For example, the attack payload could be placed in the Location header of an HTTP response with status code 302. A fix is planned in 3.11.1, 3.10.9, 3.9.16, 3.8.16, and 3.7.16.

CVE-2022-45061 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.56 IMPROPER VALIDATION OF INTEGRITY CHECK VALUE CWE-354

The fix for CVE-2022-3437 included changing memcmp to be constant time and a workaround for a compiler bug by adding “!= 0” comparisons to the result of memcmp. When these patches were backported to the heimdal-7.7.1 and heimdal-7.8.0 branches (and possibly other branches) a logic inversion sneaked in causing the validation of message integrity codes in gssapi/arcfour to be inverted.

CVE-2022-45142 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.2.57 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 6.0.10. In drivers/media/dvb-core/dvb_ca_en50221.c, a use-after-free can occur is there is a disconnect after an open, because of the lack of a wait_event.

CVE-2022-45919 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.58 OBSERVABLE DISCREPANCY CWE-203

An issue was discovered in Mbed TLS before 2.28.2 and 3.x before 3.3.0. An adversary with access to precise enough information about memory accesses (typically, an untrusted operating system attacking a secure enclave) can recover an RSA private key after observing the victim performing a single private-key operation, if the window size (MBEDTLS_MPI_WINDOW_SIZE) used for the exponentiation is 3 or smaller.

CVE-2022-46392 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.59 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125

An issue was discovered in Mbed TLS before 2.28.2 and 3.x before 3.3.0. There is a potential heap-based buffer overflow and heap-based buffer over-read in DTLS if MBEDTLS_SSL_DTLS_CONNECTION_ID is enabled and MBEDTLS_SSL_CID_IN_LEN_MAX > 2 * MBEDTLS_SSL_CID_OUT_LEN_MAX.

CVE-2022-46393 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.60 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

Libksba before 1.6.3 is prone to an integer overflow vulnerability in the CRL signature parser.

CVE-2022-47629 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.61 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125

GNU Tar through 1.34 has a one-byte, out-of-bounds read that results in use of uninitialized memory for a conditional jump. Exploitation to change the flow of control has not been demonstrated. The issue occurs in from_header in list.c via a V7 archive in which mtime has approximately 11 whitespace characters.

CVE-2022-48303 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.62 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

libavcodec/pthread_frame.c in FFmpeg before 5.1.2, as used in VLC and other products, leaves stale hwaccel state in worker threads, which allows attackers to trigger a use-after-free and execute arbitrary code in some circumstances (e.g., hardware re-initialization upon a mid-video SPS change when Direct3D11 is used).

CVE-2022-48434 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.63 IMPROPER LOCKING CWE-667

A deadlock flaw was found in the Linux kernel’s BPF subsystem. This flaw allows a local user to potentially crash the system.

CVE-2023-0160 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.64 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

A vulnerability in the lsi53c895a device affects the latest version of qemu. A DMA-MMIO reentrancy problem may lead to memory corruption bugs like stack overflow or use-after-free.

CVE-2023-0330 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.65 OBSERVABLE DISCREPANCY CWE-203

A timing side channel in the handling of RSA ClientKeyExchange messages was discovered in GnuTLS. This side channel can be sufficient to recover the key encrypted in the RSA ciphertext across a network in a Bleichenbacher style attack. To achieve a successful decryption the attacker would need to send a large amount of specially crafted messages to the vulnerable server. By recovering the secret from the ClientKeyExchange message, the attacker would be able to decrypt the application data exchanged over that connection.

CVE-2023-0361 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

3.2.66 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A vulnerability was found in X.Org. This issue occurs due to a dangling pointer in DeepCopyPointerClasses that can be exploited by ProcXkbSetDeviceInfo() and ProcXkbGetDeviceInfo() to read and write into freed memory. This can lead to local privilege elevation on systems where the X server runs privileged and remote code execution for ssh X forwarding sessions.

CVE-2023-0494 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.67 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In PHP 8.0.X before 8.0.28, 8.1.X before 8.1.16 and 8.2.X before 8.2.3, password_verify() function may accept some invalid Blowfish hashes as valid. If such invalid hash ever ends up in the password database, it may lead to an application allowing any password for this entry as valid.

CVE-2023-0567 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

3.2.68 INCORRECT CALCULATION OF BUFFER SIZE CWE-131

In PHP 8.0.X before 8.0.28, 8.1.X before 8.1.16 and 8.2.X before 8.2.3, core path resolution function allocate buffer one byte too small. When resolving paths with lengths close to system MAXPATHLEN setting, this may lead to the byte after the allocated buffer being overwritten with NUL value, which might lead to unauthorized data access or modification.

CVE-2023-0568 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.69 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw was found in qdisc_graft in net/sched/sch_api.c in the Linux kernel due to a race problem. This flaw leads to a denial-of-service issue. If patch ebda44da44f6 (“net: sched: fix race condition in qdisc_graft()”) not applied yet, then kernel could be affected.

CVE-2023-0590 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.70 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION CWE-400

In PHP 8.0.X before 8.0.28, 8.1.X before 8.1.16 and 8.2.X before 8.2.3, excessive number of parts in HTTP form upload can cause high resource consumption and excessive number of log entries. This can cause denial of service on the affected server by exhausting CPU resources or disk space.

CVE-2023-0662 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.71 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION CWE-400

A hash collision flaw was found in the IPv6 connection lookup table in the Linux kernel’s IPv6 functionality when a user makes a new kind of SYN flood attack. A user located in the local network or with a high bandwidth connection can increase the CPU usage of the server that accepts IPV6 connections up to 95%.

CVE-2023-1206 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.72 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125

A slab-out-of-bounds read problem was found in brcmf_get_assoc_ies in drivers/net/wireless/broadcom/brcm80211/brcmfmac/cfg80211.c in the Linux kernel. This issue could occur when assoc_info->req_len data is bigger than the size of the buffer, defined as WL_EXTRA_BUF_MAX, leading to a denial of service.

CVE-2023-1380 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H).

3.2.73 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A flaw was found in X.Org Server Overlay Window. A use after free may lead to local privilege escalation. If a client explicitly destroys the compositor overlay window (aka COW), the Xserver would leave a dangling pointer to that window in the CompScreen structure, which will trigger a use after free later.

CVE-2023-1393 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.74 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw was found in btrfs_search_slot in fs/btrfs/ctree.c in btrfs in the Linux kernel.

CVE-2023-1611 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H).

3.2.75 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw in the Linux kernel Xircom 16-bit PCMCIA (PC-card) Ethernet driver was found. A local user could use this flaw to crash the system or potentially escalate their privileges on the system.

CVE-2023-1670 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.76 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw was found in vhost_net_set_backend in drivers/vhost/net.c in virtio network subcomponent in the Linux kernel due to a double fget. This flaw could allow a local attacker to crash the system, and could even lead to a kernel information leak problem.

CVE-2023-1838 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H).

3.2.77 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw was found in xgene_hwmon_remove in drivers/hwmon/xgene-hwmon.c in the Hardware Monitoring Linux kernel Driver (xgene-hwmon). This flaw could allow a local attacker to crash the system due to a race problem. This vulnerability could even lead to a kernel information leak problem.

CVE-2023-1855 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H).

3.2.78 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw was found in xen_9pfs_front_removet in net/9p/trans_xen.c in Xen transport for 9pfs in the Linux kernel. This flaw could allow a local attacker to crash the system due to a race problem, possibly leading to a kernel information leak.

CVE-2023-1859 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.79 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw was found in btsdio_remove in driversbluetoothbtsdio.c in the Linux kernel. In this flaw, a call to btsdio_remove with an unfinished job may cause a race problem leading to a UAF on hdev devices.

CVE-2023-1989 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.80 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw was found in ndlc_remove in drivers/nfc/st-nci/ndlc.c in the Linux kernel. This flaw could allow an attacker to crash the system due to a race problem.

CVE-2023-1990 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.81 INCORRECT AUTHORIZATION CWE-863

A vulnerability was found in the HCI sockets implementation due to a missing capability check in net/bluetooth/hci_sock.c in the Linux kernel. This flaw allows an attacker to unauthorized execution of management commands, compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of Bluetooth communication.

CVE-2023-2002 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).

3.2.82 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

An out-of-bounds memory access flaw was found in the Linux kernel’s XFS file system in how a user restores an XFS image after failure (with a dirty log journal). This flaw allows a local user to crash or potentially escalate their privileges on the system.

CVE-2023-2124 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.83 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

An out-of-bounds write vulnerability was found in the Linux kernel’s SLIMpro I2C device driver. The userspace “data->block[0]” variable was not capped to a number between 0-255 and was used as the size of a memcpy, possibly writing beyond the end of dma_buffer. This flaw could allow a local privileged user to crash the system or potentially achieve code execution.

CVE-2023-2194 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.84 IMPROPER LOCKING CWE-667

A denial-of-service problem was found, due to a possible recursive locking scenario, resulting in a deadlock in table_clear in drivers/md/dm-ioctl.c in the Linux kernel Device Mapper-Multipathing sub-component.

CVE-2023-2269 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.85 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

A flaw was found in the 9p passthrough filesystem (9pfs) implementation in QEMU. The 9pfs server did not prohibit opening special files on the host side, potentially allowing a malicious client to escape from the exported 9p tree by creating and opening a device file in the shared folder.

CVE-2023-2861 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

3.2.86 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

A vulnerability was found in openldap. This security flaw causes a null pointer dereference in ber_memalloc_x() function.

CVE-2023-2953 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.87 IMPROPER REMOVAL OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION BEFORE STORAGE OR TRANSFER CWE-212

A known cache speculation vulnerability, known as branch history injection (BHI) or Spectre-BHB, becomes actual again for the new hw AmpereOne. Spectre-BHB is similar to Spectre v2, except that malicious code uses the shared branch history (stored in the CPU Branch History Buffer, or BHB) to influence mispredicted branches within the victim’s hardware context. Once that occurs, speculation caused by mispredicted branches can cause cache allocation. This issue leads to obtaining information that should not be accessible.

CVE-2023-3006 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.88 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

A heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the Linux kernel ipvlan network driver can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation.The out-of-bounds write is caused by missing skb->cb initialization in the ipvlan network driver. The vulnerability is reachable if CONFIG_IPVLAN is enabled.

CVE-2023-3090 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.89 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free vulnerability was found in prepare_to_relocate in fs/btrfs/relocation.c in btrfs in the Linux kernel. This possible flaw can be triggered by calling btrfs_ioctl_balance() before calling btrfs_ioctl_defrag().

CVE-2023-3111 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.90 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw was found in r592_remove in drivers/memstick/host/r592.c in media access in the Linux kernel. This flaw allows a local attacker to crash the system at device disconnect, possibly leading to a kernel information leak.

CVE-2023-3141 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H).

3.2.91 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

A NULL pointer dereference issue was found in the gfs2 file system in the Linux kernel. It occurs on corrupt gfs2 file systems when the evict code tries to reference the journal descriptor structure after it has been freed and set to NULL. A privileged local user could use this flaw to cause a kernel panic.

CVE-2023-3212 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.92 UNCHECKED RETURN VALUE CWE-252

In PHP versions 8.0.* before 8.0.29, 8.1.* before 8.1.20, 8.2.* before 8.2.7 when using SOAP HTTP digest authentication, random value generator was not checked for failure, and was using narrower range of values than it should have. In case of random generator failure, it could lead to a disclosure of 31 bits of uninitialized memory from the client to the server, and it also made it easier for a malicious server to guess the client’s nonce.

CVE-2023-3247 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 2.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

3.2.93 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125

An out-of-bounds memory access flaw was found in the Linux kernel in relay_file_read_start_pos in kernel/relay.c in the relayfs. This flaw could allow a local attacker to crash the system or leak kernel internal information.

CVE-2023-3268 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H).

3.2.94 CONCURRENT EXECUTION USING SHARED RESOURCE WITH IMPROPER SYNCHRONIZATION (‘RACE CONDITION’) CWE-362

A flaw was found in QEMU. The async nature of hot-unplug enables a race scenario where the net device backend is cleared before the virtio-net pci frontend has been unplugged. A malicious guest could use this time window to trigger an assertion and cause a denial of service.

CVE-2023-3301 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.95 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

A NULL pointer dereference in TIFFClose() is caused by a failure to open an output file (non-existent path or a path that requires permissions like /dev/null) while specifying zones.

CVE-2023-3316 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.96 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free vulnerability was found in the Linux kernel’s netfilter subsystem in net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c.Mishandled error handling with NFT_MSG_NEWRULE makes it possible to use a dangling pointer in the same transaction causing a use-after-free vulnerability. This flaw allows a local attacker with user access to cause a privilege escalation issue.

CVE-2023-3390 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.97 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

An out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the Linux kernel’s net/sched: sch_qfq component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation. The qfq_change_agg() function in net/sched/sch_qfq.c allows an out-of-bounds write because lmax is updated according to packet sizes without bounds checks.

CVE-2023-3611 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.98 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel’s net/sched: cls_fw component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation. If tcf_change_indev() fails, fw_set_parms() will immediately return an error after incrementing or decrementing the reference counter in tcf_bind_filter(). If an attacker can control the reference counter and set it to zero, they can cause the reference to be freed, leading to a use-after-free vulnerability.

CVE-2023-3776 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.99 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free flaw was found in nfc_llcp_find_local in net/nfc/llcp_core.c in NFC in the Linux kernel. This flaw allows a local user with special privileges to impact a kernel information leak issue.

CVE-2023-3863 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.100 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free vulnerability in net/sched/cls_fw.c in classifiers (cls_fw, cls_u32, and cls_route) in the Linux kernel allows a local attacker to perform a local privilege escalation due to incorrect handling of the existing filter, leading to a kernel information leak.

CVE-2023-4128 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.101 INCORRECT AUTHORIZATION CWE-863

A flaw was found in the Linux kernel’s TUN/TAP functionality. This issue could allow a local user to bypass network filters and gain unauthorized access to some resources. The original patches fixing CVE-2023-1076 are incorrect or incomplete. The problem is that the following upstream commits – a096ccca6e50 (“tun: tun_chr_open(): correctly initialize socket uid”), – 66b2c338adce (“tap: tap_open(): correctly initialize socket uid”), pass “inode->i_uid” to sock_init_data_uid() as the last parameter and that is not accurate.

CVE-2023-4194 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.2.102 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

An issue in “Zen 2” CPUs, under specific microarchitectural circumstances, may allow an attacker to potentially access sensitive information.

CVE-2023-20593 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.103 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

In multiple functions of binder.c, there is a possible memory corruption due to a use after free. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

CVE-2023-21255 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.104 IMPROPER LINK RESOLUTION BEFORE FILE ACCESS (‘LINK FOLLOWING’) CWE-59

Git is a revision control system. Using a specially-crafted repository, Git prior to versions 2.39.2, 2.38.4, 2.37.6, 2.36.5, 2.35.7, 2.34.7, 2.33.7, 2.32.6, 2.31.7, and 2.30.8 can be tricked into using its local clone optimization even when using a non-local transport. Though Git will abort local clones whose source $GIT_DIR/objects directory contains symbolic links, the objects directory itself may still be a symbolic link. These two may be combined to include arbitrary files based on known paths on the victim’s filesystem within the malicious repository’s working copy, allowing for data exfiltration in a similar manner as CVE-2022-39253.A fix has been prepared and will appear in v2.39.2 v2.38.4 v2.37.6 v2.36.5 v2.35.7 v2.34.7 v2.33.7 v2.32.6, v2.31.7 and v2.30.8. If upgrading is impractical, two short-term workarounds are available. Avoid cloning repositories from untrusted sources with –recurse-submodules. Instead, consider cloning repositories without recursively cloning their submodules, and instead run git submodule update at each layer. Before doing so, inspect each new .gitmodules file to ensure that it does not contain suspicious module URLs.

CVE-2023-22490 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.105 IMPROPER VERIFICATION OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC SIGNATURE CWE-347

libgit2 is a cross-platform, linkable library implementation of Git. When using an SSH remote with the optional libssh2 backend, libgit2 does not perform certificate checking by default. Prior versions of libgit2 require the caller to set the certificate_check field of libgit2’s git_remote_callbacks structure – if a certificate check callback is not set, libgit2 does not perform any certificate checking. This means that by default – without configuring a certificate check callback, clients will not perform validation on the server SSH keys and may be subject to a man-in-the-middle attack. Users are encouraged to upgrade to v1.4.5 or v1.5.1. Users unable to upgrade should ensure that all relevant certificates are manually checked.

CVE-2023-22742 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.2.106 BUFFER COPY WITHOUT CHECKING SIZE OF INPUT (‘CLASSIC BUFFER OVERFLOW’) CWE-120

tpm2-tss is an open source software implementation of the Trusted Computing Group (TCG) Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2 Software Stack (TSS2). In affected versions Tss2_RC_SetHandler and Tss2_RC_Decode both index into layer_handler with an 8 bit layer number, but the array only has TPM2_ERROR_TSS2_RC_LAYER_COUNT entries, so trying to add a handler for higher-numbered layers or decode a response code with such a layer number reads/writes past the end of the buffer. This buffer overrun could result in arbitrary code execution. An example attack would be a MiTM bus attack that returns 0xFFFFFFFF for the RC. Given the common use case of TPM modules, an attacker must have local access to the target machine with local system privileges which allows access to the TPM system. Usually TPM access requires administrative privilege.

CVE-2023-22745 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.107 ACCESS OF RESOURCE USING INCOMPATIBLE TYPE (‘TYPE CONFUSION’) CWE-843

cbq_classify in net/sched/sch_cbq.c in the Linux kernel through 6.1.4 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (slab-out-of-bounds read) because of type confusion (non-negative numbers can sometimes indicate a TC_ACT_SHOT condition rather than valid classification results).

CVE-2023-23454 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.108 IMPROPER CHECK FOR UNUSUAL OR EXCEPTIONAL CONDITIONS CWE-754

cryptography is a package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers. In affected versions Cipher.update_into would accept Python objects which implement the buffer protocol, but provide only immutable buffers. This would allow immutable objects (such as bytes) to be mutated, thus violating fundamental rules of Python and resulting in corrupted output. This now correctly raises an exception. This issue has been present since update_into was originally introduced in cryptography 1.8.

CVE-2023-23931 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L).

3.2.109 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

Werkzeug is a comprehensive WSGI web application library. Browsers may allow “nameless” cookies that look like =value instead of key=value. A vulnerable browser may allow a compromised application on an adjacent subdomain to exploit this to set a cookie like =__Host-test=bad for another subdomain. Werkzeug prior to 2.2.3 will parse the cookie =__Host-test=bad as __Host-test=bad. If a Werkzeug application is running next to a vulnerable or malicious subdomain which sets such a cookie using a vulnerable browser, the Werkzeug application will see the bad cookie value but the valid cookie key. The issue is fixed in Werkzeug 2.2.3.

CVE-2023-23934 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 2.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

3.2.110 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY (‘PATH TRAVERSAL’) CWE-22

Git, a revision control system, is vulnerable to path traversal prior to versions 2.39.2, 2.38.4, 2.37.6, 2.36.5, 2.35.7, 2.34.7, 2.33.7, 2.32.6, 2.31.7, and 2.30.8. By feeding a crafted input to git apply, a path outside the working tree can be overwritten as the user who is running git apply. A fix has been prepared and will appear in v2.39.2, v2.38.4, v2.37.6, v2.36.5, v2.35.7, v2.34.7, v2.33.7, v2.32.6, v2.31.7, and v2.30.8. As a workaround, use git apply –stat to inspect a patch before applying; avoid applying one that creates a symbolic link and then creates a file beyond the symbolic link.

CVE-2023-23946 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.2.111 IMPROPER CONTROL OF GENERATION OF CODE (‘CODE INJECTION’) CWE-94

Go templates do not properly consider backticks (`) as Javascript string delimiters, and do not escape them as expected. Backticks are used, since ES6, for JS template literals. If a template contains a Go template action within a Javascript template literal, the contents of the action can be used to terminate the literal, injecting arbitrary Javascript code into the Go template. As ES6 template literals are rather complex, and themselves can do string interpolation, the decision was made to simply disallow Go template actions from being used inside of them (e.g. “var a = {{.}}”), since there is no obviously safe way to allow this behavior. This takes the same approach as github.com/google/safehtml. With fix, Template.Parse returns an error when it encounters templates like this, with an ErrorCode of value 12. This ErrorCode is currently unexported, but will be exported in the release of Go 1.21. Users who rely on the previous behavior can re-enable it using the GODEBUG flag jstmpllitinterp=1, with the caveat that backticks will now be escaped. This should be used with caution.

CVE-2023-24538 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.112 ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES WITHOUT LIMITS OR THROTTLING CWE-770

containerd is an open source container runtime. Before versions 1.6.18 and 1.5.18, when importing an OCI image, there was no limit on the number of bytes read for certain files. A maliciously crafted image with a large file where a limit was not applied could cause a denial of service. This bug has been fixed in containerd 1.6.18 and 1.5.18. Users should update to these versions to resolve the issue. As a workaround, ensure that only trusted images are used and that only trusted users have permissions to import images.

CVE-2023-25153 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.113 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

Redis is an in-memory database that persists on disk. Authenticated users issuing specially crafted SRANDMEMBER, ZRANDMEMBER, and HRANDFIELD commands can trigger an integer overflow, resulting in a runtime assertion and termination of the Redis server process. This problem affects all Redis versions. Patches were released in Redis version(s) 6.0.18, 6.2.11 and 7.0.9.

CVE-2023-25155 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.114 ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES WITHOUT LIMITS OR THROTTLING CWE-770

hb-ot-layout-gsubgpos.hh in HarfBuzz through 6.0.0 allows attackers to trigger quadratic growth via consecutive marks during the process of looking back for base glyphs when attaching marks.

CVE-2023-25193 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.115 USE OF UNINITIALIZED RESOURCE CWE-908

A flaw was found in Binutils. The field the_bfd of asymbol struct is uninitialized in the bfd_mach_o_get_synthetic_symtab function, which may lead to an application crash and local denial of service.

CVE-2023-25588 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.116 INCONSISTENT INTERPRETATION OF HTTP REQUESTS (‘HTTP REQUEST/RESPONSE SMUGGLING’) CWE-444

Some mod_proxy configurations on Apache HTTP Server versions 2.4.0 through 2.4.55 allow a HTTP request smuggling attack. Configurations are affected when mod_proxy is enabled along with some form of RewriteRule or ProxyPassMatch in which a non-specific pattern matches some portion of the user-supplied request-target (URL) data and is then re-inserted into the proxied request-target using variable substitution. Request splitting/smuggling could result in bypass of access controls in the proxy server, proxying unintended URLs to existing origin servers, and cache poisoning. Users are recommended to update to at least version 2.4.56 of Apache HTTP Server.

CVE-2023-25690 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.117 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION (‘CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING’) CWE-79

In phpMyAdmin before 4.9.11 and 5.x before 5.2.1, an authenticated user can trigger XSS by uploading a crafted .sql file through the drag-and-drop interface.

CVE-2023-25727 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

3.2.118 EXPOSURE OF RESOURCE TO WRONG SPHERE CWE-668

In Epiphany (aka GNOME Web) through 43.0, untrusted web content can trick users into exfiltrating passwords, because autofill occurs in sandboxed contexts.

CVE-2023-26081 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.119 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

loadImage() in tools/tiffcrop.c in LibTIFF through 4.5.0 has a heap-based use after free via a crafted TIFF image.

CVE-2023-26965 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.120 INCONSISTENT INTERPRETATION OF HTTP REQUESTS (‘HTTP REQUEST/RESPONSE SMUGGLING’) CWE-444

HTTP response smuggling vulnerability in Apache HTTP Server via mod_proxy_uwsgi. This issue affects Apache HTTP Server: from 2.4.30 through 2.4.55. Special characters in the origin response header can truncate/split the response forwarded to the client.

CVE-2023-27522 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.2.121 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY (‘PATH TRAVERSAL’) CWE-22

A path traversal vulnerability exists in curl <8.0.0 SFTP implementation causes the tilde () character to be wrongly replaced when used as a prefix in the first path element, in addition to its intended use as the first element to indicate a path relative to the user's home directory. Attackers can exploit this flaw to bypass filtering or execute arbitrary code by crafting a path like /2/foo while accessing a server with a specific user.

CVE-2023-27534 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.122 IMPROPER AUTHENTICATION CWE-287

An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in libcurl <8.0.0 in the FTP connection reuse feature that can result in wrong credentials being used during subsequent transfers. Previously created connections are kept in a connection pool for reuse if they match the current setup. However, certain FTP settings such as CURLOPT_FTP_ACCOUNT, CURLOPT_FTP_ALTERNATIVE_TO_USER, CURLOPT_FTP_SSL_CCC, and CURLOPT_USE_SSL were not included in the configuration match checks, causing them to match too easily. This could lead to libcurl using the wrong credentials when performing a transfer, potentially allowing unauthorized access to sensitive information.

CVE-2023-27535 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.123 IMPROPER AUTHENTICATION CWE-287

An authentication bypass vulnerability exists libcurl prior to 8.0.0 in the connection reuse feature which can reuse previously established connections with incorrect user permissions due to a failure to check for changes in the CURLOPT_GSSAPI_DELEGATION option. This vulnerability affects krb5/kerberos/negotiate/GSSAPI transfers and could potentially result in unauthorized access to sensitive information. The safest option is to not reuse connections if the CURLOPT_GSSAPI_DELEGATION option has been changed.

CVE-2023-27536 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.124 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

An issue was discovered in Dnsmasq before 2.90. The default maximum EDNS.0 UDP packet size was set to 4096 but should be 1232 because of DNS Flag Day 2020.

CVE-2023-28450 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.125 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

do_tls_getsockopt in net/tls/tls_main.c in the Linux kernel through 6.2.6 lacks a lock_sock call, leading to a race condition (with a resultant use after free or NULL pointer dereference).

CVE-2023-28466 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.126 IMPROPER ENCODING OR ESCAPING OF OUTPUT CWE-116

Sudo before 1.9.13 does not escape control characters in log messages.

CVE-2023-28486 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

3.2.127 IMPROPER ENCODING OR ESCAPING OF OUTPUT CWE-116

Sudo before 1.9.13 does not escape control characters in sudoreplay output.

CVE-2023-28487 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

3.2.128 IMPROPER CONTROL OF GENERATION OF CODE (‘CODE INJECTION’) CWE-94

The go command may generate unexpected code at build time when using cgo. This may result in unexpected behavior when running a go program which uses cgo. This may occur when running an untrusted module which contains directories with newline characters in their names. Modules which are retrieved using the go command, i.e. via “go get”, are not affected (modules retrieved using GOPATH-mode, i.e. GO111MODULE=off, may be affected).

CVE-2023-29402 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.129 IMPROPER CONTROL OF GENERATION OF CODE (‘CODE INJECTION’) CWE-94

The go command may execute arbitrary code at build time when using cgo. This may occur when running “go get” on a malicious module, or when running any other command which builds untrusted code. This is can by triggered by linker flags, specified via a “#cgo LDFLAGS” directive. The arguments for a number of flags which are non-optional are incorrectly considered optional, allowing disallowed flags to be smuggled through the LDFLAGS sanitization. This affects usage of both the gc and gccgo compilers.

CVE-2023-29404 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.130 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT USED BY A DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT (‘INJECTION’) CWE-74

The go command may execute arbitrary code at build time when using cgo. This may occur when running “go get” on a malicious module, or when running any other command which builds untrusted code. This is can by triggered by linker flags, specified via a “#cgo LDFLAGS” directive. Flags containing embedded spaces are mishandled, allowing disallowed flags to be smuggled through the LDFLAGS sanitization by including them in the argument of another flag. This only affects usage of the gccgo compiler.

CVE-2023-29405 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.131 INTERPRETATION CONFLICT CWE-436

The HTTP/1 client does not fully validate the contents of the host header. A maliciously crafted host header can inject additional headers or entire requests. With fix, the HTTP/1 client now refuses to send requests containing an invalid Request.Host or Request.URL.Host value.

CVE-2023-29406 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.2.132 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION CWE-400

Extremely large RSA keys in certificate chains can cause a client/server to expend significant CPU time verifying signatures. With fix, the size of RSA keys transmitted during handshakes is restricted to <= 8192 bits. Based on a survey of publicly trusted RSA keys, there are currently only three certificates in circulation with keys larger than this, and all three appear to be test certificates that are not actively deployed. It is possible there are larger keys in use in private PKIs, but we target the web PKI, so causing breakage here in the interests of increasing the default safety of users of crypto/tls seems reasonable.

CVE-2023-29409 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

3.2.133 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

A buffer overflow vulnerability found in Libtiff V.4.0.7 allows a local attacker to cause a denial of service via the tiffcp function in tiffcp.c.

CVE-2023-30086 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.134 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

An issue was discovered in arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.c in the Linux kernel before 6.2.8. nVMX on x86_64 lacks consistency checks for CR0 and CR4.

CVE-2023-30456 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.135 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

The Linux kernel before 6.2.9 has a race condition and resultant use after free in drivers/power/supply/da9150-charger.c if a physically proximate attacker unplugs a device.

CVE-2023-30772 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.136 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

An issue was discovered in drivers/media/dvb-core/dvb_frontend.c in the Linux kernel 6.2. There is a blocking operation when a task is in !TASK_RUNNING. In dvb_frontend_get_event, wait_event_interruptible is called; the condition is dvb_frontend_test_event(fepriv,events). In dvb_frontend_test_event, down(&fepriv->sem) is called. However, wait_event_interruptible would put the process to sleep, and down(&fepriv->sem) may block the process.

CVE-2023-31084 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.137 USE OF INSUFFICIENTLY RANDOM VALUES CWE-330

c-ares is an asynchronous resolver library. When cross-compiling c-ares and using the autotools build system, CARES_RANDOM_FILE will not be set, as seen when cross compiling aarch64 android. This will downgrade to using rand() as a fallback which could allow an attacker to take advantage of the lack of entropy by not using a CSPRNG. This issue was patched in version 1.19.1.

CVE-2023-31124 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

3.2.138 BUFFER UNDERWRITE (‘BUFFER UNDERFLOW’) CWE-124

c-ares is an asynchronous resolver library. ares_inet_net_pton() is vulnerable to a buffer underflow for certain ipv6 addresses; in particular “0::00:00:00/2” was found to cause an issue. C-ares only uses this function internally for configuration purposes which would require an administrator to configure such an address via ares_set_sortlist(). However, users may externally use ares_inet_net_pton() for other purposes and thus be vulnerable to more severe issues. This issue has been fixed in 1.19.1.

CVE-2023-31130 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.139 USE OF INSUFFICIENTLY RANDOM VALUES CWE-330

c-ares is an asynchronous resolver library. When /dev/urandom or RtlGenRandom() are unavailable, c-ares uses rand() to generate random numbers used for DNS query ids. This is not a CSPRNG, and it is also not seeded by srand() so will generate predictable output. Input from the random number generator is fed into a non-compilant RC4 implementation and may not be as strong as the original RC4 implementation. No attempt is made to look for modern OS-provided CSPRNGs like arc4random() that is widely available. This issue has been fixed in version 1.19.1.

CVE-2023-31147 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.2.140 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

qfq_change_class in net/sched/sch_qfq.c in the Linux kernel before 6.2.13 allows an out-of-bounds write because lmax can exceed QFQ_MIN_LMAX.

CVE-2023-31436 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.141 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

An issue found in Frrouting bgpd v.8.4.2 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via the bgp_capability_llgr() function.

CVE-2023-31489 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.142 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION CWE-400

c-ares is an asynchronous resolver library. c-ares is vulnerable to denial of service. If a target resolver sends a query, the attacker forges a malformed UDP packet with a length of 0 and returns them to the target resolver. The target resolver erroneously interprets the 0 length as a graceful shutdown of the connection. This issue has been patched in version 1.19.1.

CVE-2023-32067 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.143 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In the Linux kernel through 6.3.1, a use-after-free in Netfilter nf_tables when processing batch requests can be abused to perform arbitrary read and write operations on kernel memory. Unprivileged local users can obtain root privileges. This occurs because anonymous sets are mishandled.

CVE-2023-32233 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.144 DIVIDE BY ZERO CWE-369

In Qt before 5.15.14, 6.0.x through 6.2.x before 6.2.9, and 6.3.x through 6.5.x before 6.5.1, QtSvg QSvgFont m_unitsPerEm initialization is mishandled.

CVE-2023-32573 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.145 CONCURRENT EXECUTION USING SHARED RESOURCE WITH IMPROPER SYNCHRONIZATION (‘RACE CONDITION’) CWE-362

The Linux kernel before 6.2.9 has a race condition and resultant use-after-free in drivers/net/ethernet/qualcomm/emac/emac.c if a physically proximate attacker unplugs an emac based device.

CVE-2023-33203 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.146 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 6.3.3. There is an out-of-bounds read in crc16 in lib/crc16.c when called from fs/ext4/super.c because ext4_group_desc_csum does not properly check an offset.

CVE-2023-34256 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.147 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

A vulnerability in Outline.cc for Poppler prior to 23.06.0 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted PDF file in OutlineItem::open.

CVE-2023-34872 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.148 MISSING ENCRYPTION OF SENSITIVE DATA CWE-311

D-Bus before 1.15.6 sometimes allows unprivileged users to crash dbus-daemon. If a privileged user with control over the dbus-daemon is using the org.freedesktop.DBus.Monitoring interface to monitor message bus traffic, then an unprivileged user with the ability to connect to the same dbus-daemon can cause a dbus-daemon crash under some circumstances via an unreplyable message. When done on the well-known system bus, this is a denial-of-service vulnerability. The fixed versions are 1.12.28, 1.14.8, and 1.15.6.

CVE-2023-34969 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.149 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

Linux kernel nftables out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability; nft_byteorder poorly handled vm register contents when CAP_NET_ADMIN is in any user or network namespace

CVE-2023-35001 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.150 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

An issue was discovered in fl_set_geneve_opt in net/sched/cls_flower.c in the Linux kernel before 6.3.7. It allows an out-of-bounds write in the flower classifier code via TCA_FLOWER_KEY_ENC_OPTS_GENEVE packets. This may result in denial of service or privilege escalation.

CVE-2023-35788 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.151 INSUFFICIENTLY PROTECTED CREDENTIALS CWE-522

An issue was discovered in the C AMQP client library (aka rabbitmq-c) through 0.13.0 for RabbitMQ. Credentials can only be entered on the command line (e.g., for amqp-publish or amqp-consume) and are thus visible to local attackers by listing a process and its arguments.

CVE-2023-35789 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.2.152 CONCURRENT EXECUTION USING SHARED RESOURCE WITH IMPROPER SYNCHRONIZATION (‘RACE CONDITION’) CWE-362

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 6.3.2. A use after free was found in saa7134_finidev in drivers/media/pci/saa7134/saa7134-core.c.

CVE-2023-35823 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.153 CONCURRENT EXECUTION USING SHARED RESOURCE WITH IMPROPER SYNCHRONIZATION (‘RACE CONDITION’) CWE-362

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 6.3.2. A use after free was found in dm1105_remove in drivers/media/pci/dm1105/dm1105.c.

CVE-2023-35824 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.154 CONCURRENT EXECUTION USING SHARED RESOURCE WITH IMPROPER SYNCHRONIZATION (‘RACE CONDITION’) CWE-362

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 6.3.2. A use after free was found in renesas_usb3_remove in drivers/usb/gadget/udc/renesas_usb3.c.

CVE-2023-35828 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.155 ACCESS OF UNINITIALIZED POINTER CWE-824

lib/kadm5/kadm_rpc_xdr.c in MIT Kerberos 5 (aka krb5) before 1.20.2 and 1.21.x before 1.21.1 frees an uninitialized pointer. A remote authenticated user can trigger a kadmind crash. This occurs because _xdr_kadm5_principal_ent_rec does not validate the relationship between n_key_data and the key_data array count.

CVE-2023-36054 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.156 INEFFICIENT REGULAR EXPRESSION COMPLEXITY CWE-1333

A regular expression denial of service issue was discovered in the URI component before 0.12.2 for Ruby. The URI parser mishandles invalid URLs that have specific characters. There is an increase in execution time for parsing strings to URI objects with rfc2396_parser.rb and rfc3986_parser.rb. This issue exists becuse of an incomplete fix for CVE-2023-28755. Version 0.10.3 is also a fixed version.

CVE-2023-36617 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

3.2.157 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND (‘OS COMMAND INJECTION’) CWE-78

Artifex Ghostscript through 10.01.2 mishandles permission validation for pipe devices (with the %pipe% prefix or the | pipe character prefix).

CVE-2023-36664 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.158 INSUFFICIENT VERIFICATION OF DATA AUTHENTICITY CWE-345

Certifi is a curated collection of root certificates for validating the trustworthiness of SSL certificates while verifying the identity of TLS hosts. Certifi prior to version 2023.07.22 recognizes “e-Tugra” root certificates. e-Tugra’s root certificates were subject to an investigation prompted by reporting of security issues in their systems. Certifi 2023.07.22 removes root certificates from “e-Tugra” from the root store.

CVE-2023-37920 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.2.159 BUFFER COPY WITHOUT CHECKING SIZE OF INPUT (‘CLASSIC BUFFER OVERFLOW’) CWE-120

A buffer overflow flaw was found in base/gdevdevn.c:1973 in devn_pcx_write_rle() in ghostscript. This issue may allow a local attacker to cause a denial of service via outputting a crafted PDF file for a DEVN device with gs.

CVE-2023-38559 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.160 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

An issue was discovered in l2cap_sock_release in net/bluetooth/l2cap_sock.c in the Linux kernel before 6.4.10. There is a use-after-free because the children of an sk are mishandled.

CVE-2023-40283 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has released update V2.4 for SCALANCE X-300 and recommends updating to the latest version.

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens’ operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage.

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-806742 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• February 15, 2024: Initial Publication